Showing posts with label Heather Jung. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Heather Jung. Show all posts

Wednesday, November 4, 2015

A Teacher becomes a Writer

By Heather Jung

Image result for elementary student writing stock

On a sunny Tuesday morning last July, I found myself sitting in a graveyard in Winchester Virginia, two hours from my house, writing the first poem that I had written in almost 20 years. 

I have been writing for the WIDA blog for almost 2 years, but I never thought of myself as a writer.  I am an ELL literacy teacher. I work in an elementary school teaching students to be critical viewers, listeners, speakers, readers, and writers.  I am a teacher. That is what I am because that is what I get paid to do.  A writer is a person who writes books.  They are writers because that is what they get paid to do.  At least that is what I thought, before I participated in the Northern Virginia Writing Project's Invitational Summer Institute (ISI).

The Northern Virginia Writing Project (NVWP) is an affiliate of the National Writing Project (NWP), a non-profit organization of almost 200 university based network sites.  The NWP is focused on the knowledge, expertise, and leadership of our nation's educators on sustained efforts to improve writing and learning for all learners (nwp.org, 2015). 

I have always believed that teaching students to write is an essential part of any literacy teacher’s day.  I also knew that good teachers of reading were avid readers themselves, but I never translated that to writing.  One of the core beliefs of NWP is that good teachers of writing write themselves.  This was a new concept for me.

Most of the other participants in my ISI were Secondary English teachers, for whom writing was already a normal part of their everyday lives.  This was not the case for me.  I only wrote when I had to.  It never occurred to me that I should or would want to write just for myself.  

Through engagement in a Writing Group and a Writing Marathon this began to change.  I found that I could write for enjoyment, rather than just to perform a task.  This was the change that I brought with
 me into the classroom when I went back to school this fall.

Certainly, participating in demonstration lessons presented by master teachers was great professional development and expanded my repertoire of concrete techniques for teaching writing. Of course, getting to know current and former participants has helped me to expand my professional network. But what has really revolutionized my teaching has been the change in how I think of myself when it comes to writing. 

Now, I think like a writer.  When I look at the world I look for important ideas that I want to write about.  I write regularly to convey those ideas.  Most importantly, I analyze my own process as a writer. 

This allows me to talk to students about their writing in a completely different way.  I can share in their challenges and successes as a fellow writer, rather than as an authority figure.  There is more honesty in my teaching.  When I talk to students about their writing I no longer use words that I’ve lifted from teacher resource books.  I can speak honestly and with conviction about my real experiences.  I know the struggles my students are facing when they are writing, because I face them in my writing too.

I am a teacher, but I'm also a writer.  I am a writer because I have something to say.  I am a writer because I believe that my ideas matter and deserve to be heard.  All teachers have important ideas to share, and all teachers of writing need to be writers themselves.me into the classroom when I went back to school this fall.

Friday, August 1, 2014

Peer Coaching

Today, Heather Jung talks about peer coaching in her district.


During the summer months and throughout the school year, teachers are required to attend various staff development programs.  The purpose of these programs is to ensure that high-quality instruction is available to all students.  Many times the staff development that is offered does not accomplish the goals that it is trying to meet.  As school districts around the country face increased budget cuts, providing high-quality staff development is often one of the first things to go.  Often staff development is offered in a large group “one-size fits all” model, which teachers find frustrating.  This style of staff development cannot meet the unique needs of teachers and their students.

In my district, we have previously been offered time weekly to engage in onsite small group staff development that was differentiated to meet teacher’s needs and interests.  This year that time has been cut.  To meet the professional needs of our teachers we are trying a different approach to staff development.  We will be starting a peer coaching initiative at my school in the fall.  This peer coaching cycle will be based on each teacher receiving both a 10 minute coaching observation and a 15 minute feedback and planning conference every two weeks.  This format is based on research done by Joyce & Showers (2002) and Bambrick-Santoyo (2012). According to Joyce & Showers (2002), (see Fig A.) peer coaching has significantly higher outcomes than other forms of staff development.

Figure A. (Joyce & Showers, 2002)
TRAINING COMPONENTS AND ATTAINMENT OF OUTCOMES
IN TERMS OF PERCENT OF PARTICIPANTS

Outcomes
Components
Knowledge
(thorough)
Skill
(strong)
Transfer
(executive implementation)
Study of Theory
10
5
0
Demonstrations
30
20
0
Practice
60
60
5
Peer Coaching
95
95
95

Peer Coaching builds independence and shared responsibility among teachers.  Using this approach we hope to be able to meet the individual needs of our teachers and focus staff development on meeting the unique needs of each group of students.   Meaningful learning “is based on a broader vision of learning that includes not only acquiring knowledge but also being able to use knowledge in a variety of ways (Mayer, 2002).  This is the kind of knowledge that is facilitated by peer coaching. Teachers involved in peer coaching develop strong pedagogy “with someone nearby to encourage, critique, and suggest next steps” (Cushman, 2010).  Having an expert listener available on a routine basis to notice and support growth encourages teachers to develop expertise.  There will be many challenges as we implement this initiative, both logistical and cultural, as we seek build a school climate that will support peer coaching, but the potential rewards are worth the risk.

Works Cited

Bambrick-Santoyo, P. (2012). Leverage Leadership: A Practical Guide to Building Exceptional Schools. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Cushman, K. (2010). Fires in the Mind. San Fancisco, CA: Jossey Bass.
Joyce, B., & Showers, B. (2002). Student achievement through staff development (3rd ed.). Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

Mayer, R. E. (2002, Autumn). Rote versus Meaningful Learning. Theory into Practice, 41(4), 226-232.

Wednesday, June 25, 2014

Meaningful Instruction at the End of the School Year

In this post, Heather Jung shares how she ends the year with her students.

The end of the school year can be a stressful time for both teachers and students.  Routines shift after end-of-year testing is done. This can be a confusing time for ELL’s; who often rely on familiar stable routines for support. But this time of year is especially critical for them because they will be away from us, and possibly from the English language, for two months!  We need to provide highly supportive instruction during this critical time. This instruction should be focused on building independence and love of learning.  Students who are motivated and confident are more likely to pursue summer activities that will not only prevent summer slippage, but will build prior knowledge and enhance the learning that will occur in the fall.
  
Here are some great end-of-year activities being done by teachers at my school:

Hallway Display:

Inspire students to think about who they will read with this summer by showing teachers reading with someone in their home.

Grade 1:

Encourage students to think about science, social studies and math by making bags out of old T-Shirts and then going shopping at the Farmer’s Market.

Grade 2:


Promote summer reading by having students to decorate T-Shirts to advertise their favorite books.

Grade 3:


Demonstrate how reading can inspire creativity.  These students made “candy rooms” inspired by Charlie and the Chocolate Factory by Roald Dahl and then sold them to practice economics.

Guided Reading:


Read book one of a series; so that students will fall in love with characters that they will be able to read about throughout the summer.   These second grade ELLs are reading The Boxcar Children by Gertrude Chandler Warner.

Monday, June 2, 2014

Making Short Vowel Sounds “Sticky”

Heather Jung breaks out the glue and demonstrates how she makes short vowels sticky.

Image from Creative Commons
Over the years, I have noticed that most of the Spanish speaking students I work with can solve words phonetically with ease fairly quickly.  Phonics is a strength for them because Spanish is a phonetic language with sounds very similar (in many ways) to English.  Arabic and Urdu speakers often have a much more difficult time, particularly with remembering short vowel sounds.  These short vowels are difficult for them to discriminate aurally and are not sounds used in their native languages.

Recently, I came across a strategy that I have found very helpful for getting those tricky short vowel sounds to “stick” in my students’ memories. I found this strategy in the book Catch a Falling Reader by Connie R. Hebert.  In Chapter 9 of her book, Hebert recommends using physical actions and movement to help students make more powerful connection to short vowel sounds.  For example:

Short a: Have the students pretend a doctor is shining a light into their mouth and having them say “aaah.”

Short e: Have the students say “eeh” and use their finger to trace the straight line across their teeth, as they say the sound. The straight line is like the straight line in the middle of the lower case e.

Short i:  Have the students say “iiih” and feeling how their cheeks squish and smile, as they say the sound.

Short o: Have the students trace the shape of their mouth, as they say the sound “oooa.”  They will note that it is the same shape as the letter o.

Short u: Have the student karate chop their stomach as they say the “uuuh.”  You may even want to pretend that you are hurt when you demonstrate this one and remind the student to be careful when they karate chop their own stomach.  This humor will make the sound extra “sticky.”

By integrating visual (seeing shape of your mouth making the sound), auditory (hearing the sound) and kinesthetic (moving as they make the sound) you can integrate multiple learning styles and make more powerful connections to the learning for your students.  You may feel very silly as you demonstrate these movements, but that means that it is funny to your students too.  That drama and fun enhances and bonds the learning.  It will also be funny to look around the room and see your students doing these actions are they remembering the short vowel sounds that you have now made “sticky” for them as they read and write independently.

Works Cited

Hebert, C. R. (2008). Catch A Falling Reader 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.

Friday, April 25, 2014

The Value of Authentic Experiences

Heather Jung shares how she builds on ELL’s prior knowledge through authentic experiences

Image by www.speedofcreativity.org via Creative Commons

A several months ago, I was working with a 2nd grade ELL student who had come to this country in July.  We were reading books about Hide and Seek, but she was really struggling.  I stopped her, we went outside, and I showed her how to play Hide and Seek.  After about five minutes, we went back in and the student proceeded to read the book without difficulty, it became her favorite book for the next few weeks, and she even wrote a story about playing Hide and Seek with her sisters. 

This student was struggling because she had no frame of reference for what Hide and Seek was, and no oral language built around the concept to support her reading of the text.  By going outside and having an authentic experience, I was able to provide her with the support she needed to be successful in just a few minutes. Dale's Cone of Learning tells us that after two weeks students remember: 10% of what they read, 20% of what they hear, 50% of what they see and hear, and 90% of what they do.  The implication for us, as teachers, is to remember how important it is to engage our students in active learning.   It is especially important for our English Language Learners to build oral language through as many authentic experiences as possible.  These experiences need to occur both inside and outside of the traditional classroom.  

Spring provides many wonderful opportunities to build prior knowledge and oral language through authentic experiences.  The student that I mentioned above was able to read The Ugly Duckling very successfully last week because of a school-wide authentic learning experience provided by our School Librarian, STEM teacher, and Outdoor Education Coordinator. They incubated, hatched, and raised chicks in our school library last month.  Our principal even made a time-lapse video of the chicks hatching and put it on YouTube for students to watch. This project got students excited for spring, built oral language around lifecycles, and made students really eager to go to the school library to checkout books!  This month they have four gigantic tadpoles; inspiring even more authentic learning in the library.

It is also, a great time to do recycling and upcycling projects.  There are always millions of things that can be done with old toilet paper tubes (making marble slides and mazes with them in science is my personal favorite).  Milk cartons and clear plastic food containers from the school cafeteria can be used to plant peas and herbs that students can take home and use in their kitchens.  These make great projects for Earth Day or for Mother's Day, next month.

And... of course, there are school field trips, these are a tried and true way of getting students out into the world to build prior knowledge and oral language. 


Whatever content you are teaching, just remember to make students' learning powerful by giving your students authentic experiences! 

Wednesday, April 9, 2014

Teaching Charitable Giving to Low-Income Students

In this post, Heather Jung shares her thoughts on charitable giving from the classroom.


Last year, my students were making toys to donate to the toy closet at National Children's Hospital.  One student did not want to donate the toy that he made.  I reminded him that we were making these toys to donate to sick children who needed our help.  His response was, "I'm sorry that they're sick, but I made this toy, I worked hard on it, and I want to keep it."  I was able to convince him to donate the toy, but he was not happy about it.  Then, a month later we received a donation of a Tablet from DonorsChoose.org.  As I was explaining to the students where the donation had come from the same student said, "So someone gave us something that we needed just like we gave those dolls we made to the sick kids."  I was so excited! He had seen and understood the reciprocal nature of a responsible community.  This valuable social skill will help him throughout his life. 

It is often hard for many students that come from backgrounds where they are often on the receiving end of philanthropy to understand that they have both the ability and the responsibility to give back to their community.  But, when we can develop this understanding in students we can change the narrative of helplessness that is found in institutional poverty, showing students that their charitable giving has the power to affect change and positively impact their lives and the lives of those around them.

It can be tricky to find philanthropic projects that are both meaningful and accessible to low-income students. You cannot ask students who are receiving food and clothing from local charities to turn around and donate what they receive. 

Here are a few things that I have done with low-income students that I work with:
·         Grow Sweet Potatoes to donate to a Local Food Bank - Sweet potatoes are inexpensive and virtually maintenance free.  I have one group of students plant them in the spring and different students harvest in the fall.  We taste test them before we donating.  The food bank appreciates having something fresh to offer their clients.  Students that frequent the food bank have something to look forward to sharing with their families.
·         Make Stuffed Toys for a Children's Hospital - This one is a little more difficult because you need to solicit donations of fabric, stuffing, needles and thread, but if you can do it there is a powerful sense of significance that the students feel when they can help a sick child.  It also allows students at multiple grade levels to work together.  Older students do the sewing and younger students do the stuffing.
·         Make Dog Toys for a Local Animal Shelter - Students find an old t-shirt or old sock that can be made into a dog toy.  Students enjoy searching for old, unwashed, stinky ones, which are the best ones for dogs!  Homeless students feel a particularly strong connection with this philanthropic activity.


These are just a few activities that have worked for me.  I'm sure you can come up with many more ways to help your students understand that they have both the ability and the responsibility to give back to their community.

Image by Jonathan McIntosh via Creative Commons.

Tuesday, March 25, 2014

Supporting ALL Student Needs

Heather Jung shares her experience in meeting student needs beyond those in the classroom.


As I was working with one of my ELL groups in grade 1 a few months ago, another student kept interrupting the group asking, "Did you just call me?"  I realized, after the third interruption, that she was trying to get my attention because she wanted to talk. I finished my lesson, and went to her.  She said that she wanted to read to me and proceeded to pull out a familiar book, which she then read haltingly, with several pauses to yawn and stare off into space.  After a few pages of this, I stopped the reading and asked her to go for a walk. Once we were out of the classroom, she confided. She was tired, she had nightmares the night before, had been yelled at for not sleeping, and then yelled at for not getting ready for school quickly enough in the morning. Because she was not getting ready for school quickly enough, she didn't get to have breakfast.

The lesson of this story is that children often have needs that they do not know how to get met. It is our responsibility as teachers and caregivers to try to meet these needs as well as the students' academic needs. Maslow's hierarchy of needs puts Esteem and Self-actualization, the needs met through the academic objectives at school, at the top two tiers of a five-tier pyramid.  These needs cannot be adequately looked to until the other needs, Love/Belonging, Safety, and Physiological, have been meet. This student was not able to function successfully in the classroom because she was hungry and tired (physiological needs), and she was stressed by having been yelled at (safety and love/belonging).  These needs had to be met first before any academic work could be attended to.

Those of us that work with low-income students, ELLs or otherwise, have to be mindful of these needs and be willing to offer assistance. Fortunately, there are many resources available in most communities that can help.

At my school, we have an active parent community that supports our outreach.  We have a Care and Share Committee and Parent Resource Center that help to provide books, clothing, shoes, internet and other supplies for families in need.  Our local Girl Scouts and Dance troops go out of their way to provide opportunities for low-income students to participate in activities that might, otherwise, be out of their reach. Staff and community members work together to find out what students need and provide for them. Sometimes this means staff providing transportation for student activities or bringing a student shampoo for their hair.

One of the best examples of this school/community partnership that I have seen takes place at the elementary school next to mine.  There the school hosts the local food bank once a month.  The food bank drops off the food and it is left to the school staff, long after the school day is over, to organize and distribute it in an equitable manner.

After giving one of my students a stack of books to take home, she responded by saying, "My sisters and I also need paper, markers, crayons, and colored pencils.  We need to be able to draw and writes stories at home.  You can get that for us right?"  I felt like she was asking me to be her own personal Wal-Mart. Then I realized that is my responsibility as I try to meet not just academic needs but all of my students' needs.

Image from Wikimedia Commons via Creative Commons
 

Tuesday, March 11, 2014

What Is an ELL Teacher? (or an ESL or ESOL teacher)



On my flight to the WIDA conference last October, I sat next to a Congressman who was fleeing Washington DC after the late night vote to restart the Federal Government.  He told me how excited and relieved he was to be going home to his family and then he asked me what I did.  Being very careful not use any confusing acronyms, I told him that I was a teacher that worked with English Language Learners and that I was on my way to a conference of other such teachers.

His response was:  "Wow, that's great I would love to speak two languages!  What language are you teaching them?"

I blinked, smiled, and replied, "Well, I work with students who come from other countries. I help them improve their English."

This Congressman's confusion was troubling to me because of his role as a policy maker (though he does not sit on the Education Committee and comes from a district that is 96% white), but I have found that misconceptions and confusion are common when I tell people what I do.

My mother is from an area that is 83% white.  She tells me, "No one knows what you do when I first tell them, but once I explain it to them they get it."

When I told one friend of mine he said, "Oh, I didn't know you spoke Spanish."

"I don't, and though some of my students do, my Middle Eastern, North African, and Asian students don't," I replied.

He smiled and said "Oh sorry, I'm from Miami.  ESOL was all Spanish when I was growing up."

As with all comprehension, background knowledge is the number one determinate of understanding.

So what does an ELL teacher do?

The truth is that we do many things.

We may work with ELLs in small groups or one-on-one building their language and literacy skills.  We help them build their prior knowledge so they can understand content area instructions.  We employ diverse and culturally responsive teaching strategies to increase our students' linguistic skills, but we also do so much more.

A couple years ago when I was at Ellis Island I saw an exhibit about how the children of immigrant families are the family's bridge between their home culture and the new culture.  These children are our students.  How often do we hear a young child say: "My Mom can't understand English, but I help her"?  Think about the responsibility implied in that statement.  We always think of the parents as being the bridges that guide their children into adulthood, but for many of our students the burden of helping the family build the bridge between old and new is placed upon their young shoulders.  Who is there to help and support them?  We are! It is our responsibility as ELL teachers to support them and help them build a strong cultural bridge for them to lead their family across.   As Holly said in her post, we are the advocates for our students and their families in the community. We provide support, sensitivity, and cultural understanding to help them build a strong bridge toward the future for them and their families.

How are you building cultural bridges for your students?

Thanks, Heather, for sharing your experience and starting an interesting and important conversation.

Image by opensource.com via Creative Commons.